Evaluation of Pentoxifylline efficacy in Socket healing in Type-2 Diabetic adult males

Abstract

Introduction: because of lack of proper documented literature, many oral health professionals in diabetic patients citing reasons like delayed wound healing, dry socket and pain defer minor oral surgical treatments including extractions. All of those factors can have significant implications and negative impacts on the standard of lifetime of the individuals. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Pentoxifylline (PTX) on socket healing after mandibular molar tooth extraction in diabetic males in Syria. Various parameters like post-extraction pain (PeP) and the number of leukocytes and epithelial cells, which are initial parameters for healing socket. Methods: 22 older than 40 years male participants were divided into 3 group. Group 1(Control) was 8 participants, group 2 (Case) was 8 participants and group 3 (Case+Treated) was 6 participants got 400 mg sustained release tablet of PTX once a day for a week before of mandibular molar tooth extraction. For three days after the extraction, non-parametric pain values were as assessed by the participant and dry socket was diagnosed. Non-stimulated mixed saliva samples were collected by draining method to count leukocytes and epithelial cells. The sample was stained with Giemsa’s stain and examined microscopically. The statistical analyses were done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Sidak's multiple comparison test for the parameter data and also the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test for non-parametric data. Results: on comparing PeP in group 1 against group 2 or group 2 against group 3 was no statistical significance altogether studied days. On comparing dry socket, presence in group 1 against group 2 or group 2 against group 3 was no statistical significance all told studied days. On comparing epithelial cells count in group 1 against group 2 was a statistically significant difference (P value =0.0011) but in group 2 against group 3 was no statistical significance. On comparing leukocytes count in group 1 against group or group 2 against group 3 was a statistically significant difference (P value =0.0140) (P value =0.0458). Conclusion: PTX increased leukocytes number 1 h after extraction, which is critical for socket healing as acute response during a heamostasis and inflammatory phase, but it did not improve of pain or prevent dry socket incidence. The sample of study was small and limited, so larger samples of other research studies are needed to substantiate our findings.