Abstract
Background/Aim: Anatomical variations of paranasal sinuses are common and play an role in disrupting the drainage of the sinuses, which often causes chronic sinusitis. In this article, anatomical variations of the paranasal sinuses and its relationship with mucosal changes were evaluated retrospectively by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) which is also known as dental volumetric tomography. Material and Methods: CBCT data of 500 patients who applied to Cukurova University Faculties of Dentistry for any reason were retrospectively evaluated by maxillofacial radiologist. Anatomical variants of paranasal sinuses were included in the study. Mucosal thickening greater than 2 mm in the maxillary sinus was considered pathological. Results: The most common anatomic variation in the study was the nasal septal deviation, found in 302 (60.4%) patients. The least common anatomic variation in the study was lower concha pneumatization found in 3 (0.6%) patients. Mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus was observed in 271 (54.2%) cases in the right sinus and 260 (52%) cases in the left sinus (p>0.05). Conclusions: Nasal septum deviation was the most common variation in the study. According to the results of our study, concha bullosa, haller cell and the uncinate process had no definite effect on mucosal thickening in the maxillary sinus.
Highlights
The maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid and frontal sinuses form the paranasal sinuses
Anatomical variations of the paranasal sinuses and its relationship with mucosal changes were evaluated retrospectively by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) which is known as dental volumetric tomography
Criteria of images included in the study Patients who did not suffer from trauma or accident in his head and neck within the image area of the paranasal sinuses, without systemic or genetic disease, without congenital disease such as cleft lip and palate, and who did not undergo surgical operation in the areas to be examined were included in the study
Summary
The maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid and frontal sinuses form the paranasal sinuses. These sinuses contain air and are connected to the nasal cavity through ostiums[1]. The last common way of drainage and aeration of frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoid air cells is called an osteomeatal complex. Haller cell and agger nasi cells are anatomical variations of the osteomeatal complex[2]. Anatomical variations of this region are common and play an important role in disrupting the drainage of the sinuses, which often causes chronic sinusitis[3]. The disadvantage is that the cost and radiation doses of CT application are high. For these reasons, CBCT application is an ideal method of dentistry for dentistry. CBCT eliminates some of the disadvantages of CT, in this respect it is superior[5,7]
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