Abstract
Continued application of synthetic insecticides arise development of resistance and pollution of the environment. Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the efficacy of products of orange ( Citrus sinensis ) peels in the control of the stored products beetle Zabrotes subfasciatus (L) in stored haricot beans (latin name). Different levels of the extracts and essential oil of Citrus sinensis was tested. Conventional synthetic insecticide, Pirimiphos-methyl, was used as a standard check. Toxicity potential of different extracts of C. sinensis was tested against Z. subfasciatus . Extracts prepared using different solvents against the beetles were not toxic. However, essential oils at highest rate of 750mg applied at 3ml per filter paper gave 100 % mortality after 24 h. Beans treated with 15g of sun dried powder of orange peel and 750mg of essential oil killed 65% and 67% of Z. subfaciatus after 96 hours respectively. Powders from ground peels caused significant reduction in progeny emergence of Z. subfasciatus (P Z. subfasciatus . The essential oil of orange peel had a high level of toxicity in the fumigation bioassay against Z. subfasiatus . Key words: Citrus sinensis , essential oil, Zabrotes subfasciatus , Pirimiphos-methyl, Percent weight loss, Damage assessment.
Highlights
A minimum of 10% of cereals and legumes are lost after harvest (Boxall et al, 2002).Insect pests cause heavy economic losses to stored grains throughout the world and their impacts are more devastating in poor countries (Boxall et al, 2002)
Whole haricot bean seeds bought from local farmers from Melkassa south of Addis Ababa were kept in an oven at 600C for 6 hrs to disinfest the seeds from any prior infestation before using them as a substrate for insect rearing (Jembere, 2002)
C. sinensis applied as powder were toxic at higher dosage of 15g/250g of grain causing 65.95% mortality after 96 hour of exposure (Table 1)
Summary
A minimum of 10% of cereals and legumes are lost after harvest (Boxall et al, 2002). Insect pests cause heavy economic losses to stored grains throughout the world and their impacts are more devastating in poor countries (Boxall et al, 2002). The two most universal and potent[important] pests in pulse storage are the Mexican bean weevil, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) and the common bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) in Africa (Slim, 1993). Ferede and Tsedeke (1995) reported that these two species are the major pests of stored beans in Ethiopia. Subfasciatus in haricot been stored for 12 month (Adane and Abrham, 1996). Infestation by Z. subfasciatus can cause a loss of about 12% of the available protein (Mc Farlance, 1988)
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