Abstract
We screened and evaluated the activation of cell-medicated immunity by ocean biomass products using a cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection model. In this model, a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) associated with cell-mediated immunity is an important immune defense systems. An aqueous fraction of ovary of Seriola quinqueradiata (A-SQ) or a lipophilic fraction of head and internal organs of Hymenocephalus lethonemus (L-HL) was administered orally to mice infected with HSV-1 three times daily during 8 days (days 0 to 7) after infection. They delayed the progress of herpetic skin lesions without toxicity and significantly increased the DTH reaction to inactivated HSV-1 antigen on the footpads of infected mice. Further, A-SQ and L-HL increased the production of interferon-γ from splenocytes of HSV-1-infected mice by the inactivated-HSV-1. Thus, the efficacies of A-SQ and L-HL against HSV-1 infection may be due to the augmentation of cell-mediated immunity through DTH reaction.
Highlights
Activation of cell-mediated immunity has been shown to be valid in preventing viral infection [1,2,3,4,5], alleviating allergic reactions [6, 7], and suppressing the growth of tumours [8, 9]
We previously showed that Kakkon-to as a traditional herbal medicine, propolis as a dietary supplement, an aqueous extract of Molinga oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) as a health food, and 06CC2 strain of Lactobacillus plantarum as a probiotic alleviated herpetic symptoms in mice and activated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction as cell-mediated immunity associated with the increase of IFN-γ production from splenocytes [4, 5, 11, 12]
We found that the aqueous fraction of ovary of Seriola quinqueradiata (A-SQ) and the lipophilic fraction of head and internal organs of Hymenocephalus lethonemus (L-HL) significantly augmented the DTH reaction associated with an increase of IFN-γ production from the splenocytes of mice infected by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
Summary
Activation of cell-mediated immunity has been shown to be valid in preventing viral infection [1,2,3,4,5], alleviating allergic reactions [6, 7], and suppressing the growth of tumours [8, 9]. DTH is an important immune defense system in intradermally HSV-1-infected mice Using this murine model, we previously showed that Kakkon-to as a traditional herbal medicine, propolis as a dietary supplement, an aqueous extract of Molinga oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) as a health food, and 06CC2 strain of Lactobacillus plantarum as a probiotic alleviated herpetic symptoms in mice and activated DTH reaction as cell-mediated immunity associated with the increase of IFN-γ production from splenocytes [4, 5, 11, 12]. The HSV-1 infection model was verified to be able to assess the augmentation of cell-mediated immune responses through DTH reaction in vivo by health foods, supplements, and natural products
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