Abstract
Introduction: During embryonic development, all systems undergo rapid dynamic changes in 3D and over the time. These make learning embryology difficult and very passive through a classic lecture. The objective of this work is to report on the experience of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier (FMPT) to improve human embryology teaching by adopting new interactive and effective teaching methods. Materials and methods: During the lectures of the year 2021, illustrative videos of embryonic development were integrated. In addition, as part of the practical sessions, we used for the first time nationally an innovative educational material made of models designed and dedicated especially for the practical application of all the theoretical concepts developed in the course. This material allowed learners to manipulate the three-dimensional aspects of different embryonic structures via plastic 3D models. The effectiveness of these learning tools is assessed in two subjective and objective ways. Results: 216/228 students participated in the satisfaction survey with a predominance of females (65.7%). 80.1% were able to follow the videos. 98.6% attended the practical sessions. Illustrative videos and practical courses were a great help in understanding embryonic development (73% and 73.6% respectively). They facilitated the memorization of embryonic development (64.3% and 67.6%). They increased students interest in embryology (65.7% and 63.8%). They also showed the medical interest of the practice of embryology (37% and 44 %). Compared with the grades of the 2020 class, these methods improved the results of the 2021 class with an increase in the Mean of 0.732 and a reduction in the Standard Deviation of 1.067. Conclusion: These tools are effective in initiating a reflective attitude in students on knowledge transmission methods and allowed them to emerge from a form of passivity for better learning of human embryology. Keywords: Embryology, Teaching, Tools, Innovation
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