Evaluation of MXene as an adsorbent in dispersive solid phase extraction of several pesticides from fresh fruit juices prior to their determination by HPLC-MS/MS

Abstract

This study aimed to introduce a dispersive solid phase extraction method based on MXene nanoparticles as a novel sorbent for the simultaneous extraction and determination of twelve pesticides from fresh fruit juices. In the following, a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used for their determination in the samples. In this method, two-dimensional nanomaterials of Ti2AlC were exfoliated in an acidic solution and then they were added into the sample solution. To enhance the sample solution and sorbent contact area, the mixture was vortexed for a few minutes. Then the adsorbed analytes onto the sorbent were eluted using acetone and then analyzed. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curves of the method were linear within the range of 3.0–1000 µg L−1. The limits of detection, intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations, and extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 0.08–1.0 µg L−1, 2.5–4.2%, 2.5–5.5%, and 69–75%, respectively. Performing the method verified the presence of some of the analytes in several samples. This method can help to monitor pesticides in juice samples as well as to improve our understanding the safety of foods.