Abstract
Stem bark aqueous extracts of eight woody plants Brachychiton populneus, Ceiba pentandra, Bombax malabaricum, Chorisia speciosa, Albizia lebbeck, Bauhinia variegata, Kigelia africana and Pinus halepensis were tested for their mutagenic and antimutagenic potential in the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. The aqueous extracts were neither toxic nor mutagenic in S. typhimurium tester strains. All of the tested extracts showed detectable antimutagenic effect towards the direct acting mutagens 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF) in TA98 as well as sodium azide in TA100. The extract from Kigelia africana was the most effective in reducing the mutagenicity caused by the direct mutagen 2-NF in the TA98 with 85.42% inhibition rate. A. lebbeck stem bark extract demonstrated the highest antimutagenic activity reducing the base substitution mutations rate for strain TA100 by 94.66% in pre-incubation assay. The results obtained showed that the stem bark aqueous extracts tested can protect cells against induced gene mutations.
Highlights
In the last 20 years, the interest in medicinal plants has increased together with the number of investigations into their biological effects on human beings
Mutagenicity testing To examine the effect of plant extracts on viability of
S. typhimurium tester strains used in mutagenicity and antimutagenicity tests, we conducted the preliminary cytotoxicity assay with S. typhimurium strain TA98
Summary
In the last 20 years, the interest in medicinal plants has increased together with the number of investigations into their biological effects on human beings. Investigation into traditionally used medicinal plants is valuable for the screening and development of potential chemotherapeutic drugs and for establishing the safety of their continuous use. Several plant extracts or their constituents have proved to contain a variety of antimutagenic and antigenotoxic compounds [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. These antimutagens may help in strengthening cellular defences against environmental mutagens/ stress and preventing the development of several mutation-related diseases
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