Evaluation of metabolic syndrome parameters after Roux-y gastric bypass

Abstract

Introduction: Morbid obesity is characterized by a state of insulin-resistance and is often associated with metabolic syndrome, increasing overall and cardiovascular mortality. Due to the unsatisfactory results in conventional treatment in specific groups of patients, invasive intervention is an alternative. However, it may be indicated, especially in situations where the patient has severe obesity or morbid obesity. Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the changes in metabolic syndrome parameters after bariatric surgery. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the literature performed through searches in the Scielo, LILACS and PUBMED databases using the following Controlled Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): Bariatric Surgery, Gastric Bypass, Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. The inclusion criteria were: articles in English or Portuguese, text in full, publications in the period from 2009 to 2019 in article format that addressed the theme described. Duplicate publications, articles that did not address the theme after reading the respective abstracts and articles that do not meet the objectives of this study were excluded. Results: According to the analysis of the results, a reduction of 86.1% in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was observed; 65.3% in arterial hypertension and 84.2% in altered fasting glycemia. A normalization of abdominal circumference in 35.4% of patients, an increase in 35.8% in HDL levels and high triglyceride values may be observed. Among the results obtained, the increase in HDL did not obtain great relevance, as well as the decrease in abdominal circumference. Conclusion: The study showed a positive relationship between bariatric surgery and metabolic syndrome parameters. The results presented were favorable when surgery was associated with a healthy lifestyle and factors that contribute to the effective coping of this condition in most of the cases analyzed. However, multiprofessional follow-up, particularly for medical, nutritional and psychological care, is essential to have a positive impact on the quality of life of these patients.