Abstract
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy was used to evaluate the growth of human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-2) in two-dimensional (2D) versus three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture systems. FTIR microspectroscopy, coupled with multivariate analysis, could be used to monitor the variability of spheroid morphologies prepared from different cell densities. The characteristic shift in absorbance bands of the 2D cells were different from the spectra of cells from 3D spheroids. FTIR microspectroscopy can also be used to monitor cell death similar to fluorescence cell staining in 3D spheroids. A change in the secondary structure of protein was observed in cells from the 3D spheroid versus the 2D culture system. FTIR microspectroscopy can detect specific alterations in the biological components inside the spheroid, which cannot be detected using fluorescence cell death staining. In the cells from 3D spheroids, the respective lipid, DNA, and RNA region content represent specific markers directly proportional to the spheroid size and central area of necrotic cell death, which can be confirmed using unsupervised PCA and hierarchical cluster analysis. FTIR microspectroscopy could be used as an alternative tool for spheroid cell culture discrimination, and validation of the usual biochemical technique.
Highlights
Malignant melanoma is a leading cause of death worldwide, with over 10% mortality among cases each year [1]
The absorbance spectra of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) can be used to represent the amounts of cellular biocomponents [17]
In order to better understand the differentiation of 2D and 3D spheroid culture systems of melanoma cells, we analyzed the FTIR spectra using multivariate analysis (Figure 2A)
Summary
Malignant melanoma is a leading cause of death worldwide, with over 10% mortality among cases each year [1]. Multiple gene mutations in melanoma cells leads to an increase in chemotherapy resistance and the greater mortality [2]. Such characteristics have led researchers to develop novel and targeted therapies for suppressing melanoma progression [2,3]. 3D cell culture systems are a non-animal alternative and yield more clinically relevant information on primary cancer tissue and therapeutic outcomes than do 2D cell culture systems [5] Based on these advantages, the current stage assessments of in vitro melanoma employ 3D cell culture systems [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
