Abstract
Background and objectives: The present study is conducted to ascertain whether or not Pont's Index can be used reliably on Maratha individuals and if not, to establish the norms for the same. A mathematical model is also presented to individualize the nature of arch form. Materials and methods: Full mouth dental cast of 60 patients between ages 18 and 25 years were obtained belonging to Maharashtra and traced back to two generations. The different formulae were used to determine the premolar and molar indices of the maxillary arch width by using the sum of incisal widths of maxilla or mandible. Mathematical model was determined using fourth order polynomial. Results: Mean and standard deviation of premolar arch width and molar arch width for male is 37.59 ± 1.76 and 48.15 ± 2.16 and for females, it is 35.61 ± 1.66 and 46.12 ± 2.06 respectively. The premolar and molar indices derived from sum of maxillary incisors (SImax) are 80.29 ± 5.39 and 62.66 ± 4.0 for males and 82.33 ± 4.02 and 63.6 ± 3.62 for females respectively. The polynomial indicated that the arches were symmetrical. The arch dimensions showed variations in males and females. Conclusion: Significant correlation was found between the sum of maxillary incisors and interpremolar width but not with the intermolar width while sum of mandibular incisors showed significant correlation with the interpremolar and intermolar arch width. There is no single arch form unique to any of the ethnic groups. A new formula is proposed to determine the premolar and molar index.
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