Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) of bulking agent (vinasse, mushroom bran, and tobacco powder) on maturity and gaseous emissions in chicken manure composting. The results showed that all of the treatments reached the standard of harmless disposal. With the exception of the control treatment, the CH4, N2O, and NH3 emissions in the treatments that had been prepared using the addition of mixed bulking agents were effectively reduced by 2.9–30.6%, 8.30–80.9%, and 37.3–26.6%; their compost maturity also met the Chinese national standard. Specifically, 10% mushroom bran combined with 5% tobacco powder was the optimal combination for simultaneously improving the maturity and reducing greenhouse gas emission in chicken manure composting.
Highlights
The chicken manure (CM) production has risen sharply in China [1,2]
It has been reported that the CH4 and N2 O emissions originating from livestock manure accounted for the
It is noteworthy that the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N) ratio of chicken manure is normally less than 5, Processes 2021, 9, 2105 but the experimental value of chicken manure obtained in this research was 15.1, which can probably be attributed to the fact that pre-treatment and storage methods for the raw materials of chicken manure can affect the of C/N ratio of chicken manure to a certain extent [16]
Summary
The improper processing of CM can lead to environmental pollution. Malodorous and greenhouse gases (GHGs) released from CM during its natural decomposition can severely reduce air quality and enlarge the greenhouse effect [3]. It has been reported that the CH4 and N2 O emissions originating from livestock manure accounted for the. Aerobic composting is an effective and resource recycling method that can harmlessly convert livestock manure into high-grade organic fertilizer [4,5]. A significant amount of the ammonia and GHGs are released during CM aerobic composting, which causes serious atmospheric pollution, and the loss of nitrogen and carbon leads to the decline of the quality of the final composting products [6]. It is necessary to add a certain amount of bulking agent to properly regulate the composting conditions and to boost composting processes
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