Evaluation of maternal serum progranulin levels in normotensive pregnancies, and pregnancies with early- and late-onset preeclampsia

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the possible pathophysiological associations between progranulin (PGRN) and preeclampsia (PE), early-onset PE (EOPE) and late-onset PE (LOPE).Study design: A cross-sectional study was designed to include consecutive patients with uncomplicated pregnancy (n = 28), EOPE (n = 30) and LOPE (n = 22). Maternal levels of serum PGRN were measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.Results: The mean serum PGRN level was significantly higher in women with PE compared to the control group (54.17 ± 4.20 pg/ml versus 42.37 ± 5.64 pg/ml, p < 0.001), in the LOPE group compared to the control group (51.63 ± 4.61 pg/ml versus 42.37 ± 5.64 pg/ml, p < 0.001) and also in women with EOPE compared to women with LOPE (56.03 ± 2.68 pg/ml versus 51.63 ± 4.61 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Serum PGRN was negatively correlated with gestational age at birth (r = −0.669, p = 0.001) and birth weight (r = −0.653, p = 0.001); and positively correlated with systolic (r = 0.653, p = 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.601, p = 0.001), C-reactive protein (r = 0.519, p = 0.001), uterine artery pulsatility (r = 0.441, p = 0.001) and resistance indices (r = 0.441, p = 0.001).Conclusions: Serum PGRN levels increase significantly in women with PE as an indirect sign of placental dysfunction. This increase is even more prominent in women with EOPE. The serum PGRN in the third trimester is positively correlated with gestational age at birth and birth weight.