Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of lead chloride (PbCl2) exposure at graded concentrations on the gills of Venus verrucosa. Clams were randomly divided into four groups: group 1 severed as control and groups D1, D2, and D3 were exposed to 1, 10, and 100 µg/L of PbCl2, respectively, during 7 days. The exposure to PbCl2 increased malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide, and hydrogen peroxide levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Results showed also decreases in the contents of total lipids, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, a decrease in the amount of omega (ω-3), docosahexaenoic, and eicosapentaenoic acids was noted. However, an increase of omega (ω-6) as well as arachidonic acid and its precursors’ (linoleic and eicosadienoic acids) was observed. This change was supported by a significant inhibition in the desaturase and elongase activities of treated gills. In conclusion, our investigation revealed that lipids and fatty acids alteration could be useful as bio-indicator of PbCl2 toxicity.
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