Abstract
Naphthalene and 2-naphthol are two naphthalene derivatives, which play important roles in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance of <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H and <sup>18</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O in naphthalene and 2-naphthol using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Naphthalene and 2-naphthol samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control group remained as untreated, while the treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The treated samples were subdivided into four parts named as T1, T2, T3 and T4. Control and treated samples were characterized using GC-MS. The GC-MS data revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H, (PM+1)/PM and <sup>18</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O, (PM+2)/PM were increased significantly in treated naphthalene and 2-naphthol (where PM-primary molecule, (PM+1) isotopic molecule either for <sup>13</sup>C or <sup>2</sup>H and (PM+2) is the isotopic molecule for <sup>18</sup>O). The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in the treated T2 samples of naphthalene and 2-naphthol was increased up to 129.40% and 165.40%, respectively as compared to their respective control. However, the isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in the treated T1, T3 and T4 samples of naphthalene was decreased by 44.41%, 33.49% and 30.3%, respectively as compared to their respective control. While in case of 2-naphthol, the isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM was decreased by 39.57% in T1 sample and then gradually increased up to 9.85% from T3 to T4 samples. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+2)/PM in treated T2 sample of 2-naphthol was increased up to 163.24%, whereas this value was decreased by 39.57% in treated T1 sample. The GC-MS data suggest that the biofield energy treatment has significantly altered the isotopic abundance of <sup>2</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C in naphthalene and <sup>2</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>18</sup>O in 2-naphthol as compared to the control.
Highlights
The naphthalene and naphthols that have been used commercially are most commonly petroleum products and byproducts of various combustion processes
The major commercial use of naphthalene is in the manufacturing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics
The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) spectra of control, and treated (T1, T2, T3 and T4) samples are presented in Figure 1 and 2, respectively
Summary
The naphthalene and naphthols that have been used commercially are most commonly petroleum products and byproducts of various combustion processes. They play an important role in the chemical industry and in production of pharmaceuticals. They are moderately toxic to the environment [1]. Several naphthalene containing drugs are available in the market, such as nafcillin, naftifine, tolnaftate, terbinafine, etc., which play a vital role to as antimicrobials [2]. Naphthalene is a raw chemical for industrial synthesis, in particular of phthalic anhydride [3]. Naphthalene is rather unreactive, it reacts more readily than benzene, for instance, with the electrophilic and hydrogenating agents [5]. 2-naphthol is a naphthalene derivative, prepared from the corresponding naphthalene
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