Abstract
The objective of the present research was the evaluation of some fresh and hardenedstate properties of concretes, in which coarse aggregates were partially replaced by lightweight ones previously saturated, in percentages of 15% and 25 %. The lightweight aggregates were calcined clays and crushed clay bricks. In parallel, the effect of an internal curing agent composed of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) was evaluated. The properties evaluated in the fresh and hardenedstate of concretes with a/c of 0,30 were: slum, air content, density, compression resistance, modulus of elasticity, initial superficial absorption and chlorine resistance. Results showed the efficiency of crushed clay bricks as internal curing, as well as the need for deeper research on the use of the evaluated lightweight aggregate as internal curing aggregate in concrete. Results indicate that the crushed clay bricks and the internal curing agent fulfill the behavior expected, in terms of strength and durability. However, the evaluated lightweight aggregate produces a reduction in the resistance and durability of the concrete. The observed behavior in strength and durability is especially variable for the age of 180 days, compared with conventional concretes.
Highlights
The ACI 308-213 R-13 defines curing of concrete as the process through which the concrete matures and develops its hardening properties over time as a result of the continuous hydration of the cement in the presence of enough water and heat amount (ACI, 2013).For years, the most widely used curing method has been external curing
This is due to the lower density of the lightweight aggregates used in the mixes compared with the standard one
The crushed clay bricks in partial replacement of 25 % of coarse aggregate, presented the best behavior in the different tests carried out and surpassed the sustainability point of view. This can represent a benefit, given that waste of the clay units is generated in buildings, due to its fragility, and it can become an economic option when used as a lightweight aggregate for the internal curing of the concrete; decreasing the environmental impact
Summary
The most widely used curing method has been external curing. It consists in the superficial application of water to the concrete, through a constant exposition at the surface by means of periodic irrigation of water or with the use of materials with good absorption and desorption capacities, such as sawdust and some polymers. In the daily practice, immersing cast structural elements in situ is not an option.
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