Abstract
Objective: The use of naturally occurring medicines dependent on essential oils (EOs) is nowadays of great interest. In addition, within the human body, EO shows high efficacy as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory drugs. The present experiment was conducted to access the anti-inflammatory activity of EO obtained from the fruit peels of Citrus macroptera Montr. (Rutaceae) against the denaturation of protein in vitro model.
 Methods: The test sample (EO) was incubated under controlled laboratory conditions at varying concentrations with egg albumin and was subjected to absorbance determination for the anti-inflammatory property analysis. Diclofenac sodium was used as the standard reference drug for the experiment.
 Results: The results show a concentration-dependent inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation by the test oil. This was concluded by comparing their IC50 average values. Citrus macroptera Montr. EO possessed IC50 average value 54.6+0.07 μg/mL, whereas that of diclofenac sodium was found to be 52.89+0.06 μg/ml. The result shows that the test oil is more effective than the standard drug.
 Conclusion: From the above experimental finding, it can be concluded that Citrus macroptera Montr. EO has significance anti-inflammatory effect against the denaturation of the protein in vitro model. The activity may be due to the presence of terpene polyphenolic component or some other active compound present in the oil. The provided information was first of its kind of knowledge to keep the scientific data for future reference.
Highlights
Inflammation is a complex process often associated with pain and involves occurrences such as increased vascular permeability, enhanced protein denaturation, and rearrangement of the membrane
Chronic pain induced by inflammatory processes is a major clinical problem worldwide, steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used treatments in these chronic pain states
The present investigation reports the in vitro bioassay of antiinflammatory effect of essential oils (EOs) obtained from the fruit peels of Citrus macroptera against denaturation of egg albumin
Summary
Inflammation is a complex process often associated with pain and involves occurrences such as increased vascular permeability, enhanced protein denaturation, and rearrangement of the membrane. Inflammation of tissue is due to response to stress. It is a defensive response that is characterized by redness, pain, heat, and swelling and loss of function in the injured area. Since inflammation is one of the non-specific intelligences which is based on mechanisms of the body, a tissue response to an unintentional cut is similar to that of other forms of tissue damage caused by heat, radiation, bacterial, or viral [1]. An organism or tissue elicits the inflammatory responses as a defensive mechanism; prolonged inflammation can result in undesired health effects as a result of interplaying various biomolecules that are secreted during the inflammation phase. Chronic pain induced by inflammatory processes is a major clinical problem worldwide, steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used treatments in these chronic pain states. Attempts are being made to research promising plants which can lead to the production of newer or safer drugs [4]
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