Abstract
Background: Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is an evolutionary defect where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum. HCG causes the testes to fail, possibly due to weight gain, an increase in testicular vasculature, and stimulating the testosterone and di-hydro-testosterone. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of HCG on patients with unilateral cryptorchidism. Methods: In a prospective descriptive study, 211 patients of 8 months to 7 years old with unilateral cryptorchidism whose parents refused surgery received HCG therapy. The patients were followed up 1 month, 3months, and 12 months after the first injection. They were examined in terms of the location of testes, possible relapses, sides of undescended testes, treatment complications, and HCG therapeutic results. Results: Four weeks after the first injection, 160 patients (75.12%) out of 211 cases had the descent of testes into the inguinal canal and the scrotum. 69.5% of non-palpable abdominal testes descended into the inguinal canal, 69.7% of patients with inguinal testes, 78% of patients with supra inguinal testes and 100% of patients with retractile testis experienced the descent of testes into the scrotum. Conclusion: The therapeutic response to HCG was successful in more than 50% of the cases in all the groups. Therefore, the need for performing surgical procedures on children with unilateral cryptorchidism would be decreased and they can be treated by a cost-effective and less invasive method. Moreover, at least one-year follow-up of the patients is required to ensure outcomes of the treatment.
Highlights
Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is an evolutionary defect where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum [1, 2]
All the patients with unilateral cryptorchidism who were admitted to Shahid Labbafinejad, Milad and Torfeh hospitals got evaluated and were divided into 4 groups. (Table 1)
More than 50% of the cases in all the groups responded to Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) therapy and the testes descended from the initial positions to lower levels
Summary
Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is an evolutionary defect where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum [1, 2]. The prevalence of cryptorchidism is different in every country; it is 2% to 4% at birth and less than 1% after the first year of life [1 - 3]. The defect is more prevalent in the left testis and it is bilateral in 10% of the involved infants [7 - 9]. Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is an evolutionary defect where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum. HCG causes the testes to fail, possibly due to weight gain, an increase in testicular vasculature, and stimulating the testosterone and di-hydro-testosterone. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of HCG on patients with unilateral cryptorchidism
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