Abstract
BackgroundCoronary Artery Disease (CAD) is clearly a multifactorial disease that develops from childhood and ultimately leads to death. Several reports revealed having a First Degree Relatives (FDRS) with premature CAD is a significant autonomous risk factor for CAD development. C - reactive protein (CRP) is a member of the pentraxin family and is the most widely studied proinflammatory biomarker. IL-18 is a pleiotrophic and proinflammatory cytokine which is produced mainly by macrophages and plays an important role in the inflammatory cascade.Methods and ResultsHs-CRP levels were estimated by ELISA and Genotyping of IL-18 gene variant located on promoter -137 (G/C) by Allele specific PCR in blood samples of 300 CAD patients and 300 controls and 100 FDRS. Promoter Binding sites and Protein interacting partners were identified by Alibaba 2.1 and Genemania online tools respectively. Hs-CRP levels were significantly high in CAD patients followed by FDRS when compared to controls. In IL-18 -137 (G/C) polymorphism homozygous GG is significantly associated with occurrence of CAD and Hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in GG genotype subjects when compared to GC and CC. IL-18 was found to be interacting with 100 protein interactants.ConclusionOur results indicate that Hs-CRP levels and IL-18-137(G/C) polymorphism may help to identify risk of future events of CAD in asymptomatic healthy FDRS.
Highlights
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major health problems worldwide
Hs-C - reactive protein (CRP) levels were estimated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Genotyping of IL-18 gene variant located on promoter -137 (G/C) by Allele specific PCR in blood samples of 300 Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients and 300 controls and 100 First Degree Relatives (FDRS)
Hs-CRP levels were significantly high in CAD patients followed by FDRS when compared to controls
Summary
The total burden of coronary artery disease is predicted to increase substantially over the few years as a dreadful rise in the global burden of CAD for the past 15 years has been put forth by several epidemiologists in India and worldwide such as WHO, Global burden of disease study etc. Atherosclerosis a principal cause of CAD is a consequence of multiple factors that lead to the deposition of athermatous plaques in and around the coronary artery walls that supply oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium. Multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis have been reported, that include hypertension, smoking, high LDL cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, male sex, insulin resistance etc and are categorized mainly as genetic (20–60%) and environmental (50%) risk factors [3,4]. IL-18 is a pleiotrophic and proinflammatory cytokine which is produced mainly by macrophages and plays an important role in the inflammatory cascade
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