Abstract
A laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) combined with ultraviolet (UV) disinfection and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption was researched for over seven months to evaluate the removal efficiencies and mechanisms of a moderately persistent s-triazine herbicide (Ametryn), which is commonly used in Australian sugarcane farmlands. Long-term experiments showed that MBR alone (15h hydraulic retention time (HRT)) can remove 65% of Ametryn from its influent which had a concentration of 1–2mg/L. A batch study was carried out to assess the mechanisms of removal of Ametryn through MBR and found that 0.1186mg of Ametryn/g-VSS is adsorbed onto sludge particles when 1mg/L of Ametryn is added to the mixed liquor and showed a 64% removal after 12h. This experiment confirmed that 99%, 92% and 83% removal of Ametryn could be achieved only from biodegradation, if the MBR maintains a HRT of 7.5, 2.5 and 1.5days respectively.
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