Abstract
Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and pumping test (constant discharge and recovery test) was carried out in parts of Boki Local Government Area to evaluate the groundwater potential, using aquifer characteristics of the study area. Sixteen (16) VES point was employed for this study using the Schlumberger array, with a maximum spread of 400- 600m. The stimulated result from the field data shows 3-5 layers resistivity model with the following curve types A, AK, KH, KHA, QH, QHA and QHK. The geoelectric properties include resistivity of the various layers ranging from 33.58 - 2.29 x 105Ώm, thickness from 0.2 - 50.2m, depth to basement varies from 2.99 - 74.60m across the study area. The litho logs show a top layer comprising of laterite, gravel/gravelly sand and intercalations of siltstones, the layers underneath are made-up of clay, weathered basement containing migmatites and gneisses, fractured and unfractured basement are made up of granitic and metamorphic rocks. The weathered and fractured layers constitute the aquiferous layers in the study area. Hydraulic parameters show transmissivity (T) range of 4.1x 10-5 - 1.92 x 10-1 m 2/day, specific capacity (SC) ranges from 2.09-21.42m2 /day, hydraulic conductivity (K) varies from 2.6 x 10-5 - 3.0 x10-3m/day and mean static water level (SWL) of 7.39m. Iso resistivity map of saprolite, fractured basement map, isopach map and the transmissivity map show that the studied area falls within the low-moderate groundwater potential zone.
Highlights
In the basement complex of the Obudu Plateau, ground water constitutes the most reliable and major source of water for agricultural and domestic uses
The exploration phase involves the use of surface and subsurface geological and geophysical techniques in search for suitable aquifers while the evaluation phase involve encompasses the measurement of hydro geologic parameters, the design and analyses of wells and the calculation of aquifer yield
From the table 2, the study area has 21.43% in the optimum weathered and ground water potential zone, 7.14% in the medium aquifer conditions and groundwater potential while 50% of the area within the study area is in the negligible zone with no appeal for groundwater potential
Summary
In the basement complex of the Obudu Plateau, ground water constitutes the most reliable and major source of water for agricultural and domestic uses. It is found within the fractured / or weathered basement and are tapped by the use of hand-dug wells and boreholes. The exploration phase involves the use of surface and subsurface geological and geophysical techniques in search for suitable aquifers while the evaluation phase involve encompasses the measurement of hydro geologic parameters, the design and analyses of wells and the calculation of aquifer yield. The exploitation or Ugbaja, Anthony N., Department of Geology, University of Calabar, Calabar.
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