Abstract
Abstract The performance of Furadan 4F as a cultivation-time rescue treatment tank-mixed with Marksman herbicide was evaluated in comparison with Furadan 15G and 2 placement methods (banded and in-furrow) of Counter 15G applied at planting time. Experimental design was a randomized complete block containing 4 replicates, and was carried out at 3 SD sites each year (Armour, Brookings, and Nunda in 1991; Aurora #1, Aurora #2, and Nunda in 1992). Individual plots consisted of single 15.25 m long rows spaced 96.5 cm apart. Insecticide granules were applied with modified, ground-driven Noble metering units mounted on a specially-adapted Kinze 4-row corn planter. Metering units were calibrated on the planter prior to applications. Banded granular treatments were applied in an 18 cm swath in front of the furrow-closing wheels, and incorporated by drag chains. Infurrow applications consisted of insecticide granules directed immediately between double disk furrow openers. Banded liquid applications were carried out using a CO2 backpack sprayer unit and a hand-held spray boom with a single TeeJet 8002 nozzle, that delivered 20 gal/acre at 35 psi. The 38 cm band was created by applying a 7.5 inch band on either side of, and including the treatment row. Broadcast treatments were applied using the aforementioned sprayer system, however the boom had 4 Teejet 8002 nozzles spaced 18 inches apart which were also calibrated to deliver 20 gal/acre. Corn was seeded at 23,000 kernels per acre at all locations. Five roots per replicate were dug from each treatment. Roots were washed, examined for feeding damage, and rated in accordance to the Iowa 1 to 6 scale. Percent root protection (1 - [treatment root rating/untreated root rating] × 100) was calculated for a more visible comparison of treatment performances.
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