Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of airport processes using simulation tools. A critical review of selected scientific studies relating to the performance of airport processes with respect to reliability, particularly within the apron, has been undertaken. The developed decision-making model evaluates the efficiency of airport processes in terms of minimizing penalties associated with aircraft landing before or after the scheduled landing time. The model takes into account, among other things, aircraft take-offs and landings and separation times between successive aircraft. In order to be able to verify the correctness of the decision-making model, a simulation tool was developed to support decision making in the implementation of airport operations based on a genetic algorithm. A novel development of the structure of a genetic algorithm as well as crossover and mutation operators adapted to the determination of aircraft movement routes on the apron is presented. The developed simulation tool was verified on real input data.
Highlights
The concept of transport or logistics process efficiency is widely discussed in the literature and is interpreted differently depending on the analysed research problem, e.g., efficiency of supply chains [20], production processes [8], intermodal transport [25], railway transport [46], international transport [22], or efficiency of means of transport studied in the context of minimizing exhaust emissions [6]
Airport processes are logistics processes that focus on the operations associated with the flow of a passenger stream at a given airport
Reliability of airport processes implementation is considered in the context of efficient functioning of the airport and its ability to serve passengers [42]
Summary
The concept of transport or logistics process efficiency is widely discussed in the literature and is interpreted differently depending on the analysed research problem, e.g., efficiency of supply chains [20], production processes [8], intermodal transport [25], railway transport [46], international transport [22], or efficiency of means of transport studied in the context of minimizing exhaust emissions [6]. The main processes determining the reliability and capacity of airports and their efficiency are operations of take-off and landing on the runway [4] allocation of gates and parking places [9] and movement of aircraft on the apron [47]. The developed decisionmaking model evaluates the efficiency of airport processes in terms of minimizing penalties associated with aircraft landing before or after the scheduled landing time. The factor that determines the amount of penalties associated with landing an aircraft outside of the designated time windows is the aircraft’s taxiing time on the apron. This time will be optimized by the developed simulation tool. Genetic algorithms are algorithms often used in complex optimization issues, e.g. vehicle routing issue [24] in supply chain design [23] in airspace traffic management [12]
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