Evaluation of ecological effects on hydraulicking objects

Abstract

1. The set of instruments developed at TsLGM TsNIIS makes it possible to determine the general picture of pollution with a sufficient accuracy in a short time, to assess the environmental impact (EIA) of hydraulicking equipment and on the ecosystem of the territory of the works and to draw up an ecological certificate of the region where the hydraulicking works are being carried out, and to predict possible consequences. 2. The technological schemes of excavating soil with a circulating water supply are the most ecological method of performing earth-moving works by hydraulicking equipment. 3. The quantitative composition of the silt and clay fraction of the soil of the flooded borrow pit being dredged has a considerable effect on the length of the trail and area with a high suspended load. To reduce washing away of fine soil particles during excavation, hydraulic transport, and hydraulic filling it is necessary to use mechanical cutters of the soil-intake devices of the dredge, which make it possible to excavate large soil lumps in the pit. 4. To reduce the concentration of suspended material in the discharge and circulating water, it is necessary to maximally use the available natural conditions (presence of ravines, streams and brooks for increasing the length of the travel path of the water being drained from the hydraulic-fill plot. A laminar regime, meandering of the channel, as well as the presence of islands, shoals, beaches, and branches in the water body into which the process water is being discharged substantially promote intensification of fine fractions.