Применение низконапорного обратного осмоса для организации оборотного водоснабжения

Abstract

The possibilities of using the experience in the development and testing of the chemical-technological process of reverse osmosis regeneration of sanitary wastewater for the space station aimed at the organization of circulating water supply to industrial enterprises and in everyday life are considered. The high efficiency of sanitary wastewater regeneration with a purification selectivity of up to 99.7 %, a degree of water isolation of 97–98 % and compliance of the purified water quality with standard requirements has been experimentally confirmed. The features of reverse osmosis separation of mixtures of low-molecular-weight organic substances in a laminar flow regime in the apparatus are considered. It is proposed to calculate the performance of reverse osmosis equipment using the analogy between mass transfer and heat transfer, the applicability of which has been confirmed experimentally. An empirical relationship and a method for calculating the performance of reverse osmosis equipment are proposed. The data obtained can be scaled up to industrial production and provide an increase in the degree of closeness of the circulating water supply for a wide range of industrial enterprises, special-purpose facilities, in transport and in everyday life.