Abstract
This work analyses the organic dust concentration during a wheat grinding process which was carried out using two types of grinders: A hammer mill and a roller mill. DustTrak II aerosol monitor was used to measure the concentration of the dust PM10 (particles with the size smaller than 10 μm), PM4.0, and PM1.0. An increase of the grain moisture to 14% resulted in the reduction in PM10 when grinding grain using the hammer mill. An inverse relationship was obtained when grain was ground using the roller mill. A smaller amount of the fraction below 0.1 mm was observed for larger diameter of the holes in the screen and smaller size of the working gap in the roller mill. For both mills, the obtained concentration of the PM10 fraction dust exceeded the acceptable level. To protect farmers health, it is necessary to use dust protection equipment or to modify the grinding technology by changing the grain moisture content and/or the grinding parameters.
Highlights
Management and processing of agricultural goods in a sustainable agriculture farm is of particular importance in terms of further use of these products
The average values of organic dust concentration in the course of grinding with the hammer mill are shown in Figure 2, while Figure 3 presents the corresponding values in the case of the roller mill
The average concentration of organic dust during wheat grinding depends on the type of the milling machinery and the moisture content of the input material
Summary
Management and processing of agricultural goods in a sustainable agriculture farm is of particular importance in terms of further use of these products. Straight after harvest, cereals usually have a higher moisture content than the one necessary for successful storage. This is the result of varied harvest periods. Technologies are developed for processing agricultural goods, including cereals, directly after harvesting without drying [5]. In most cases such raw materials are used directly as livestock fodder. Several factors, including moisture content and the type of raw material, its hardness and brittleness, as well as chemical composition influence the course, efficiency and effectiveness of grinding. A PM4.0 fraction concentration might be a good determinant of dust contamination in its initial phase
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