Abstract
The effects of drought stress on morphological and yield traits of six different genotypes of triticale along with wheat and barley were studied. The experiment was conducted in agricultural college of Sarayan, University of Birjand in 2016-2017 growing season. Experiment was a split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with drought stress in main plots and eight mentioned genotypes in subplots in three replications. Results of analysis of variance and means comparison analysis showed significant and negative effect of drought stress on grain yield and biological yield of all investigated genotypes. There was significant difference among investigated genotypes of triticale, wheat, and barley for grain yield under drought stress at 1 % probability level. Pazh genotype of triticale was found as the most drought tolerance genotype, among all investigated genotypes, based on almost all drought tolerance indexes. The highest significant correlation with grain yield was related to biological yield, harvest index, spike/shoot ratio, height and straw yield. GGE biplot analysis of genotypes based on their Yp and Ys showed that Pazh, Jualino, and Sanabad genotypes of triticale had more trends to Ys principal component than ET-89-11 line, wheat, and barley genotypes, therefore show more tolerance to drought stress.
Highlights
Growing world population lead to the expected global demand for cereals in the coming decades
Means comparison analysis showed that the highest mean of number of days to flowering was related to Pishgam genotype of bread wheat whereas the lowest mean of this phonological trait was related to Jualino genotype of triticale (Table 1)
The highest means of plant height were related to Jualino and Sanabad genotypes of triticale whereas the lowest mean of this trait was related to Pishgam genotype of bread wheat (Table 1)
Summary
Growing world population lead to the expected global demand for cereals in the coming decades. Camus) is a new successful cereal that derived from hybridization of wheat (Triticum spp.) and rye (Secale spp.) (Ramazani et al, 2016, 2017). Triticale is referring to fusion of the Latin words of Triticum (wheat) and Secale (rye). The first attempts for artificial crosses between wheat and rye were reported in 1875 (Oettler, 2005). Breeding programs that conducted in several countries lead to rapid improvement of triticale. Because of its higher protein and lysine content, than wheat, triticale is often used as feed grain in mixed diets. Combination of the good grain quality and the high yield potential of wheat with the biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of rye leads to it that triticale be more suitable for marginal environments and soils (Bassu et al, 2011)
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