Abstract

Considering the increasing number of low cost vegetable oil product adulterations, it is necessary to assess the authenticity of the lipid sources used in the dog food manufacture, consequently different brands and classifications of feed were analyzed to verify the product authenticity by gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detector (FID) and by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Fatty acid (FA) composition analysis was performed to compare the FAs amount in samples with the respective guarantee levels stated by the manufacturers on its product label. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) results for omega-3 and 6 percentages are within the limits presented by each manufacturer, while the timnodonic + cervonic acids amount information presented on feed sample labels is not in accordance with GC-FID results. Consequently, the samples were analyzed by ESI-MS, the results exposed the chicken oil presence in the feed and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) + docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids absence, since no lipid profiles similar to fish oils or triacylglycerols (TAGs) containing these two FAs were found. Thus, the information presented on labels are in disagreement with the results obtained both by GC-FID FA composition analysis and by ESI-MS lipid profile analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the main contribution was from FAs found by GC-FID.

Highlights

  • The pet food industry is continuously developing and seeking new ingredients for greater animal welfare and health

  • Fatty acid (FA) composition analysis was carried out with the objective of comparing the FAs amount of the samples with the respective guarantee levels declared by the manufacturers

  • In this study, through the FA composition analysis by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector (FID), it can be seen that there are two possible conclusions: (i) the manufacturer did not add DHA and EPA FAs in the analyzed feed or, (ii) the extraction process decreased the amount of DHA and EPA FAs at values lower than the guarantee levels displayed on feed labels

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Summary

Introduction

The pet food industry is continuously developing and seeking new ingredients for greater animal welfare and health. Fatty acid composition and lipid profile of each feed were obtained by gas chromatographic (GC) techniques with flame ionization detector (FID) and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI-MS), respectively.

Results
Conclusion
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