Evaluation of Different Methods of Treatment of Pilonidal Sinus; a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal disease is an infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue at or near the upper part of the natal cleft of the buttocks. This results from chronic infection of hair follicles and subsequent formation of a subcutaneous abscess. Hair then enters the abscess cavity and provokes a foreign body tissue reaction with chronic suppuration and discharge. The aim of this study was the selection of best method of treatment of pilonidal sinus. Patients and methods: This randomized controlled trials was conducted on 56 patients with the diagnosis of pilonidal sinus disease were admitted to the Department of General Surgery, Zagazig University Hospitals from March 2020 to September 2020. The patients were allocated randomly into four groups, each included 14 patients; Group (1): was Conservative method with medical treatment and drainage if needed. Group (2): were operated by Open technique. Group (3): were operated by Limberg flap technique. Group (4): were operated by Karydakis technique. All patients were subjected to history taking, complete clinical examination, preoperative Laboratory investigations. Results: Recurrence was significantly associated with open and conservative groups while there was only one case in Limberg Group and no case in Karydakis Group. Conclusion: The Karydakis flap procedure should be chosen instead of the Limberg flap for treating uncomplicated Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease because of its shorter operative time, earlier return to work, faster healing time and significantly higher patient satisfaction.