Abstract
This study evaluated eight different types of heat supply modes based on crop residues utilization in the rural area of Northern China, including straw densified solid fuel combustion, pyrolysis char combustion, biogas combustion, and pyrolysis gas combustion for single household heating; straw densified solid fuel combustion, baling straw combustion, biogas combustion, and pyrolysis gas combustion for centralized heating; centralized gas supply and centralized pyrolysis gas supply modes. Comprehensively evaluation was the cost of these different eight heat supply modes. The results showed that the cost of straw densified solid fuel combustion, pyrolysis char combustion for single household heating were 2346 RMB/household and 2390 RMB/household. With the heating scale of 200-500 households, the pipe network distance was 8 m/household, and the total annual heating cost was predicted at 2201-2992 RMB/household. Among them, the cost of straw baling combustion for centralized heating was the lowest, the cost of densified solid fuel, biogas, and pyrolysis for centralized heating was the second, and the cost of biogas and pyrolysis gas for centralized gas supply was the highest. For the increase in every 1 m of the pipeline distance, the investment cost will increase by about 645 RMB for each household. This study provides a basis for the implementation of clean heat supply technologies in less-developed areas and guidance of village heat-supply subsidy policies. Keywords: crop straw, biomass, clean heating, rural area, villages and towns, model, cost DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201305.5600 Citation: Huo L L, Yao Z L, Jia J X, Zhao L X, Cong H B, Meng H B, et al. Evaluation of different clean heat supply modes based on crop straws in the rural area of Northern China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(5): 209–217.
Highlights
As the largest grain producer of the world, China has plenty of biomass resources, the collectible straw resources are 674 million t in 2017, and the amount of straw utilization was 585 million t, there are still 89 million t of straw wasted or burnt directly[1], which resulted in serious energy waste and environmental pollution[1,2,3]
Compared with 50 households, the heating cost of baling straw of 200 households can be reduced by 13%, from 2632.0 RMB/household to 2293.7 RMB/household
Under the modes of biogas and pyrolysis gas for centralized heating, the heating cost can be reduced by about 9%
Summary
As the largest grain producer of the world, China has plenty of biomass resources, the collectible straw resources are 674 million t in 2017, and the amount of straw utilization was 585 million t, there are still 89 million t of straw wasted or burnt directly[1], which resulted in serious energy waste and environmental pollution[1,2,3]. The efficiency of straw direct combustion for decentralized heating was low, accompanied by high particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions, which caused seriously indoor and outdoor air contamination and is harmful to health. Another issue was the hidden dangers caused by the storage of the straw[5,6,7]. The proportion of renewable energy used in centralized heating in China was 1%, which was far lower than that of the European Union (19.3%)[8], straw energy utilization in China has a great potential for development
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