Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the amount of apically extruded debris andthe patterns of smear layer formation following the preparation of root canals in extracted humanteeth using ProTaper Next, Twisted file, and a reciprocating single-file system.Material and Methods: Forty-five freshly extracted human single-rooted maxillary incisorswere divided into 3 groups (n=15) then instrumented using Protaper Next, Twisted files, andReciproc. The extruded debris were collected in a pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes. The tubes werestored in an incubator at 70 °C for 2 days before weighing the dry debris using analytical balance.The debris weight was determined by subtracting the initial weight from the final weight. Rootsamples were splitted longitudinally into two halves by making grooves then root halves (cervical,middle and apical) thirds were examined using Environmental Scanning Electron MicroscopeESEM (FEI Quanta 250 FEG, Berlin, Germany) at ×1500 magnification. All the data were subjectedto statistical analysis using Chi-squared, Fisher`s Extract.Results: The three tested rotary nickel titanium files produced comparable amount of debrisextrusion and smear layer patterns covering the root canal dentin walls. Apical third showed theheaviest accumulation of smear layer.
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