Evaluation of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines and Restorer Lines in Moricandia System for Heterosis Breeding in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]

Abstract

This study was undertaken with the objectives of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) assessment and study of pollen fertility restoration using five Mori based Cytoplasmic Male Sterile lines viz., Mori ‘A’ SKM 109, Mori ‘A’ SKM 125, Mori ‘A’ SKM 201, Mori ‘A’ SKM 219, Mori ‘A’ SKM 303 and eight diverse Mori based fertility restorer lines viz., Mori ‘R’ GM 2, Mori ‘R’ GM 3, Mori ‘R’ SKM 9033, Mori ‘R’ SKM 301, Mori ‘R’ Pusa Bahar, Mori ‘R’ Vardan, Mori ‘R’ Bio 902, Mori ‘R’ 1-14 to  identify good fertility restorer line and stain ability of pollen grains of sterile and fertile lines to Moricandia arvensis, cytoplasmic background of converted cytoplasmic male sterile lines of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.] by repeated backcrossing at the Main Castor-Mustard Research station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506 Banaskantha. The pollen stain ability, plant fertility status and percentage siliquae set per plant was recorded for the morphological characterization and to confirm stability of true Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (CMS) line. The experimental material comprised of fifty-four genotypes consisting of five diverse CMS lines and eight Fertility Restorer lines were crossed in line X tester mating design and resultant forty hybrids along with their thirteen parents and standard check variety (Kranti) were evaluated in randomized block experimental design. The morphological characters were studied viz., pollen fertility, Number of siliquae set per plant, per cent siliquae set per plant in field as well as laboratory tests were conducted with 2 % Aceto-carmine to confirm pollen stain ability and purity of CMS (A-lines) for male sterility and pollen fertility restorability of R-lines. There were visual differences observed for the parents (male sterile lines and fertility restorer lines), all the F1 crosses and standard check parent for pollen fertility. The male sterile lines exhibited (100%) pollen sterility and the pollen fertility restorer lines varied from 80.05 % (Mori ‘R’ Pusa Bahar) to 97.97 %(Mori ‘R’ SKM 9033).