EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND LARVICIDAL EFFICACY OF PIPER LONGUM L. LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases are major public health-associated diseases. The chemical insecticides are used for several decades to control vector mosquitoes. The large-scale application of chemical insecticides caused several problems like insecticide resistance, the resurgence of pest species, environmental pollution, toxic hazards to humans and other nontarget organisms. Mosquito control with botanicals proved to be a good alternative to chemical insecticide. The essential point of this investigation was to screen non-poisonous and effectively accessible mosquito control of natural origin. The current investigation evaluated the role of larvicidal activity of crude hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol leaf extracts of Piper longum L. tested against the third instar of Aedes aegypti larvae at 24h exposure. Among the crude extracts, the highest larval mortality crude extract was undergone the GC-MS analysis for the identification of active phytocompouds. The highest larval mortality was observed in ethanolic extract followed by chloroform, petroleum ether, and hexane. The corresponding LC50 and LC90 values of hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol were 46.90 and 82.30; 39.82 and 75.22; 30.00 and 63.33; 22.55 and 52.63μg/dl respectively. Twenty-four compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. Results of this study revealed that the ethanolic leaf extract of P. longum may be considered a potent source of mosquito larvicidal agents.