Evaluation of capacity of hybrid energy systems to decrease the environmental pollution

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• As the use of fossil fuels increases, emissions to the environment increase. • The optimum solution for the hybrid system in Karabük includes solar, wind, diesel generator, battery and hydrogen storage. • Cost increases as renewable energy constraint increases. • As the utilization the renewable energy of 50%, the fuel consumption decreases by 28% and 43% in Eskipazar and Karabük, respectively. • Although the system cost increases with the renewable energy utilization, the carbon emission decreases. Renewable energy sources emit less carbon than traditional energy sources, although generally cannot sustain a stable storage system. This research focuses on hybrid energy benefits by modeling in the HOMER PRO software. In this study, hybrid power systems in different renewable energy fractions using Solar, wind, and hydrogen systems in two regions which are Karabük province were investigated in terms of cost, damage to the environment, and system architecture. The most suitable system in terms of net present cost emerged in Eskipazar, the leveled energy cost (LCOE) for this scenario was $0.367. But, in the case of 50% hybrid renewable energy system (GEN/PV/BAT/WT/HYDROGEN STORAGE) utilization in Eskipazar, the LCOE was determined as $0.389. Besides, the lowest fuel consumption was generated as 196,936,731 L per year in the Eskipazar with a 50% renewable energy fraction, whereas the highest was 353,454,007 L/year in Karabük without a renewable energy fraction. As the utilization the renewable energy of 50%, the fuel consumption decreased by 28% and 43% in Eskipazar and Karabük, respectively. Although the system cost increased with the renewable energy utilization, the emission of harmful gases and materials released into the atmosphere decreased.