Evaluation of Boarding Methods Adapted for Social Distancing When Using Apron Buses.

R John Milne,Camelia Delcea,Liviu-Adrian Cotfas,Corina Ioanas

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3015736

Abstract

Social distancing reduces the risk of people becoming infected with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). When passengers are transported from an airport terminal to an airplane using apron buses, safe social distancing during pandemic times reduces the capacity of the apron buses and has led to the practice of airlines keeping the middle seats of the airplanes unoccupied. This article adapts classical boarding methods so that they may be used with social distancing and apron buses. We conduct stochastic simulation experiments to assess nine adaptations of boarding methods according to four performance metrics. Three of the metrics are related to the risk of the virus spreading to passengers during boarding. The fourth metric is the time to complete boarding of the two-door airplane when apron bus transport passengers to the airplane. Our experiments assume that passengers advancing to their airplane seats are separated by an aisle social distance of 1 m or 2 m. Numerical results indicate that the three variations (adaptations) of the Reverse pyramid method are the best candidates for airlines to consider in this socially distanced context. The particular adaptation to use depends on an airline’s relative preference for having short boarding times versus a reduced risk of later boarding passengers passing (and thereby possibly infecting) previously seated window seat passengers. If an airline considers the latter risk to be unimportant, then the Reverse pyramid – Spread method would be the best choice because it provides the fastest time to board the airplane and is tied for the best values for the other two health risk measures.

Highlights

Apron buses are commonly used to transport passengers between the airport terminal and the airplane
Due to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) [7]–[9], the traveling capacity of an apron bus is considerably reduced because of the need for a social distance surrounding the radius of each passenger within the apron bus
The aim of this article is to adapt classical boarding methods for the social distancing conditions stemming from the pandemic and to evaluate them when apron buses are used

Summary

Introduction

Apron buses are commonly used to transport passengers between the airport terminal and the airplane. The practice of using apron buses is common at small airports in Europe, for example, to avoid passengers needing to walk directly from the gate to the airplane [2]. Some airlines have adapted their boarding passes to help their passengers choose the correct airplane door for boarding once they have left the apron bus [3]. Prior to apron bus boarding to reduce the airplane boarding time [1]–[6]. Due to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) [7]–[9], the traveling capacity of an apron bus is considerably reduced because of the need for a social distance surrounding the radius of each passenger within the apron bus

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