Evaluation of biphasic hydroxapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate as a bone graft material in the treatment of periodontal vertical bony defects - A clinical and digital radiological measurement study.

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate 2 bone graft materials, that is, biphasic hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate, in the treatment of periodontal vertical bony defects. In term of attachment level, probing depth and radiographic bone level changes. Also, a new digital method of radiographic assessment was used for measurement of vertical bone defect. Ten subjects with periodontitis and having two or more vertical bony defects were enrolled in the study. Patients were classified randomly into 2 groups. Group I consisted of the experimental site where defect was filled with biphasic hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate graft and Group II consisted of control site where only the open flap debridement (OFD) was carried out. Clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months; Radiographs were taken at baseline and 6 months after surgery. Overall, by the end of 6 months, biphasic hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate and OFD treatment groups exhibited a significant reduction in probing depth almost by 75% and gain in clinical attachment level at follow-up. In the biphasic hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate group, radiographic bone level gain appeared to be greater than in the OFD group. In the present study, biphasic hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate have shown promising results and have showed reduction in probing depth, a resolution of osseous defects and gain in clinical attachment level when compared to open flap debridement.