Abstract
White-rot basidiomycetes are the only microorganisms with the ability to produce both hydrolytic (cellulases and hemicellulases) and oxidative (ligninolytic) enzymes for degrading cellulose/hemicellulose and lignin. In addition, they produce biologically active natural products with important application in cosmetic formulations, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts. In the present work, three wild strains of Basidiomycetes fungi (Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Abortiporus biennis and Ganoderma resinaceum) from Greek habitats were grown in agro-industrial residues (oil mill wastewater, and corn cob) and evaluated for their anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activity and for the production of biotechnologically relevant enzymes. P. citrinopileatus showed the most interesting tyrosinase inhibitory activity, while A. biennis showed the highest DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) scavenging potential. Corn cobs were the most appropriate carbon source for maximizing the inhibitory effect of fungal biomasses on both activities, while the use of oil mill wastewater selectively increased the anti-tyrosinase potential of P. citrinopileatus culture filtrate. All strains were found to be preferential lignin degraders, similarly to most white-rot fungi. Bioinformatic analyses were performed on the proteome of the strains P. citrinopileatus and A. biennis, focusing on CAZymes with biotechnological relevance, and the results were compared with the enzyme activities of culture supernatants. Overall, all three strains showed strong production of oxidative enzymes for biomass conversion applications.
Highlights
Towards the potential exploitation of white-rot basidiomycetes grown in agro-industrial residues in the cosmetic and biocatalysis industries, wild strains of edible/medicinal saprotrophic basidiomycetes isolated from diverse habitats of Greek territory were evaluated for their antiaging potential and for the production of biotechnologically relevant enzymes with cellulolytic and ligninolytic activity
It is worth noting here that the use of olive-oil mill wastewater (OMWW) as carbon source had no significant effect on the anti-tyrosinase potential of the EtOAc extracts obtained from the biomasses of G. resinaceum and of A. biennis, while for P. citrinopileatus, a complete loss of bioactivity was observed (Figure 1a)
A screening study was performed for three native white-rot basidiomycete strains, P. citrinopileatus, A. biennis and G. resinaceum in two different agroindustrial byproducts: OMWW and CC
Summary
White-rot basidiomycetes are the only microorganisms able to produce hydrolytic (cellulases and hemicellulases) and oxidative (cellulases, ligninases) enzymes for attacking both cellulose/hemicellulose and lignin [1]. White-rot basidiomycetes include several edible/medicinal mushrooms of significant nutraceutical value and they are known to produce secondary metabolites with important applications in cosmetic formulations [8,9,10]. Towards the potential exploitation of white-rot basidiomycetes grown in agro-industrial residues in the cosmetic and biocatalysis industries, wild strains of edible/medicinal saprotrophic basidiomycetes isolated from diverse habitats of Greek territory were evaluated for their antiaging potential (anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activity) and for the production of biotechnologically relevant enzymes with cellulolytic and ligninolytic activity. The present study focused on the description of new wild Basidiomycetes strains as alternatives for agro-industrial residue valorization, aiming at the exploitation of both the fungal biomass for the extraction of bioactive compounds, and the spent liquid substrate as a source rich in industrially relevant enzymes, in the context of the circular economy
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