Abstract
In order to evaluation of application method efficiency of zinc and iron microelements in canola, an experiment was conducted in the Agricultural Research Station of Eastern Azerbaijan province in 2008. The experimental design was a RCBD with eight treatments (F1: control, F2: iron, F3: zinc, F4: iron + zinc in the form of soil utility, F5: iron, F6: zinc, F7: iron+ zinc in the form of solution foliar application, and F8: iron + zinc in the form of soil utility and foliar application). Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among treatments on given traits, antioxidant enzymes activity, fatty acids percentage, plant height, seed weight to capitulum weight ratio, protein percentage, oil percentage, oil yield, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium percentage of leaves, zinc and iron content of leaves and capitulum diameters. The highest seed yield, oil yield, oil percentage, 1000 seed weight, seed weight to capitulum weight ratio and protein percentage were obtained from the soil and foliar application of iron + zinc treatments (F8). Also, the highest amounts of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentration in leaves were achieved from control treatment which was an indication of non-efficiency of iron and zinc on the absorption rate of these substances in the leaves. The correlation between effective traits on the seed yield, such as, capitalism diameter, number of seed rows in capitulum, seed weight to capitulum weight ratio and 1000 seed weight were positively significant. In general, foliar and soil application of zinc and iron had the highest efficiency in aspect of seed production. The comparison of the various methods of fertilization showed that foliar application was more effective than soil application. Also, micronutrient foliar application increased concentration of elements, especially zinc and iron. Antioxidant enzymes activity was different in response to treatments also the highest palmitoleic, oleic and myristic acid were observed in F6 and F7 treatments.
Highlights
Canola (Brassica napus L.) is grown in different agroclimatic zones of the world, differing in soil nutrient status
The use of foliar fertilizing in agriculture has been a popular practice with farmers since the 1950s, when it was learned that foliar fertilization was effective and economic
In open-field conditions, where the factors that influence the uptake of the nutrients are very changeable, foliar fertilization can get considerable importance
Summary
Canola (Brassica napus L.) is grown in different agroclimatic zones of the world, differing in soil nutrient status. Recent research has shown that a small amount of nutrients, Zn, Fe and Mn applied by foliar spraying increases significantly the yield of crops (Sarkar et al, 2007; Wissuwa et al, 2008). Foliar nutrition is an option when nutrient deficiencies cannot be corrected by applications of nutrients to the soil (Crabtree, 1999; Sarkar et al, 2007; Cakmak, 2008). It is likely in open-field conditions, where the factors that influence the uptake of the nutrients are very changeable, foliar fertilization can get considerable importance. Zn and Fe nutrition can affect the susceptibility of plants to drought stress (Sultana et al, 2001; Khan et al, 2003; Cakmak, 2008)
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