Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Activities of Ayapoonaga Chenduram, Seenthil Choornam and their Combination in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Ayapoonaga chendooram (APNC) and Seenthilchoornam (SC) are two polyherbal Siddha formulations that traditionally have been used as a folklore medicine to treat rheumatism, orchitis, bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis (TB), and cough. In the present study, an attempt has been made to demonstrate the antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of individual APNC and SC and also in their combination (APNC+SC). The acute anti-inflammatory effect of APNC, SC and their combination was evaluated in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in wistar rats. Diclofenac sodium was used as reference drug for comparison. The immunomodulatory activity was evaluated in rats by studying the hemagglutination antibody (HA) titer, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions and the Ig E levels. The cyclophosphamide is used as an immunosuppressant.Diclofenac Sodium (50mg/kg) significantly inhibited the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, indicating its strong anti-inflammatory activity. APNC (65 mg/kg b.w.p.o) at 2nd hour and APNC+SC (13+200 mg/kg b.w.) at 3rd hour had shown moderate inhibition of paw edema, indicating their mild-moderate anti-inflammatory activity but statistically, no significant difference was observed (p>0.05). Oral administration of APNC, SC, and APNC + SC for 21 days increases the left paw volume at 1st hour and 2nd hour resulting in hypersensitivity reaction in rats. The agglutination (dilution factor 1:200) was visually observed in APNC 130mg/kg b.w. (moderate agglutination) and in APNC + SC (high agglutination) results in humoral immunity. Mild increased levels of Ig E were observed in APNC (30 mg/kg b.w.), SC (200 mg/kg b.w.) and in APNC + SC (65+1000 mg/kg b.w.). Under the conditions of the present study, single oral administration of APNC, SC and their combination has shown mild anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced paw edema in experimental rats. The immunity has been stimulated by APNC (13mg/kg b.w.) and SC (2000mg/kg b.w.).