Abstract
The management of dairy processing wastewater (DPW) must address water pollution while delivering renewable energy and recovering resources. A high-rate anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was investigated for treating DPW, and the system was evaluated in terms of elemental flow, nutrient recovery, energy balance, and reduction of CO2 emission. The AnMBR system was superior in terms of both methanogenic performance and efficiency of bioenergy recovery in the DPW treatment, with a high net energy potential of 51.4–53.2 kWh/m3. The theoretical economic values of the digestate (13.8 $/m3) and permeate (4.1 $/m3) were assessed according to nutrient transformation and price of mineral fertilizer. The total CO2 emission equivalent in the AnMBR was 44.7 kg CO2-eq/m3, with a significant reduction of 54.1 kg CO2-eq/m3 compared to the conventional process. The application of the AnMBR in the DPW treatment is a promising approach for the development of carbon neutrality and a circular economy.
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