Evaluation of Agricultural Economic Transformation in Ha Dong District, Hanoi City, Vietnam in the Period 1986-2018

Abstract

In the period of 1986 and 2008, the agricultural economic structure had many changes in production area, plants and animals, position of industries, sectors and regions in Ha Dong District. The scale of agricultural land shifted drastically and reached 959.50 ha, 817.04 ha, 2,803.30 ha and 2,570 ha in 1986, 2002, 2006 and 2008, respectively. The number of agricultural laborers increased from 6,079 to 12,917; 28,280; 36,068 and 36,551 corresponding to 2002, 2003, 2006 and 2008, respectively. The size of the average farming area per farmer decreased gradually from 1,578m² to 685m² between 1986 and 2008. Rice was the main crop in agriculture sector, followed by potato, corn, soybean and vegetables. Moreover, the value of crop production increased gradually from 827 million VND (in 1986) to 49,598 million VND (in 2004) and 96,568 million VND (in 2008). Large numbers of livestock and poultry production have gradually shifted from rudimentary households to well-planned private farms in the suburbs with the application of new production techniques. The aquaculture sector had expanded from 35 ha in 1986 to 173.73 ha in 2008. In general, Ha Dong District had initially succeeded in transforming the agricultural economic structure in the direction of reducing the proportion of the cropping sector while increasing the proportion of livestock, poultry, aquaculture and services. The economic components of private and mixed components with farm models, joint stock companies, and limited companies had developed with an increase in the number of establishments from 5 to 51 between 2000 and 2008. The economic proportion of region 2 was approximately equal to region 1 and region 3 combined in Ha Dong District.