Abstract
A study was conducted on sixteen water purification plants in Kirkuk governorate to evaluate the treatment of water in them, where physical and chemical tests were conducted for raw water and treated water for a period of (6) months from December until May. Temperature, turbidity, pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Electric Conductivity (EC), alkali, Total Hardness (TH) and calcium (Ca+2) were measured. Water quality index Canadian method (CCME) was used to classify raw water quality and treated water. The results showed that the raw water for all stations was classified as category (4) (bad) during the study period. The treated water was different for the treatment plants. Two of the treatment plants recorded good efficiency in water treatment (AL-Shallalah plant and Sin AL-Thiban) the treated water remained in category (2) (good). While the water quality of AL-Mosanaa plant indicated that there was a problem in the treatment of water in this plant, the treated water remained in category (4) bad during the study period. Water quality index fluctuated for other plants during the study period. The study also showed that alkali values of all stations were higher than the allowable limit for raw water and treated water.
Highlights
It is known that the goal of any water treatment plant is to produce safe water for drinking and tasteful and suitable for domestic use [1]
The results showed that the raw water was in category 4 according to the classification (CCME 2001) shown in Table 1 The second category for the first three months of the study, but in the three months was the classification of water treated in the third category and Table 3, which shows the results of tests for this plant shows that the electric conductivity (EC) in the last three months was higher than the specifications, The decline in the quality of treated water from the second category to the third category in addition to that alkali was higher than the standard for all months of the study
In this Figure, raw water was found to be in Category 4 because the turbidity exceeded the limits allowed in the specification as shown in Table (4) The quality of the water was in the second category during the month of December and May, but in the other four months, the water treated in this plant within the third category
Summary
It is known that the goal of any water treatment plant is to produce safe water for drinking and tasteful and suitable for domestic use [1]. The water quality index is one of the methods used to evaluate the quality of water in the water treatment plant and other water sources, where scientists and water quality experts have developed the water quality index (WQI). Abdul-Rahman and Ahmed [5] used the Canadian method of calculating the water quality index (CCME 2001) using this method to study a number of water treatment plants in Baghdad [6]. Muthanna used the Canadian method to calculate the water quality index for a number of water treatment plants in Salah al-Din Governorate. The current study aims to evaluate a number of water treatment plants in the western Kirkuk area by using the water quality index based on the measurement of a number of physical and chemical properties of the raw water and the treatment of these plants based on the Iraqi standards for drinking water and comparing the results with the Canadian classification of water quality according to Table 1. Canadian classification for water quality index (CCME)[6]
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