Abstract
Safe drinking water is a human need and right of the people. This study focuses on water quality analysis of the Urun-Islampur city which is in the Maharashtra state of India. Water quality testing is very important to check the quality of drinking water to avoid waterborne diseases and improve health. Water Quality Index (WQI) is important to determine the depletion of the water quality of the study area. The Urun-Islampur city is divided into fourteen wards. The values of WQI of those fourteen wards were compared, where from each ward three water samples were taken for the test. In order to assess the water quality, we calculate the WQI with physical, chemical and biological parameters. In water quality tests, various parameters are measured, including pH, total hardness, chloride content (Cl−), electric conductivity, residual chlorine and total dissolved solids (TDS), all those parameters compared with World Health Organization (WHO) standards of water quality; also in the present research paper classification of water samples of the 14 wards was an investigation into the basis of TDS, anions, cations, and total hardness. This article highlights the importance of using the WQI, and it is very useful to analyze the water quality. After water sample testing, it was observed that the pH of all water samples was found almost neutral. The TDS, conductance and hardness increased toward the old water supply line as compared to a new water supply line. The results of the Water Quality Assessment done in Urun-Islampur city show that all parameters were within the permissible limits as per WHO standards. The Water Quality Index (WQI) in the range of 86 to 90 was also good. But it may be affected by water distribution lines which were older than 30 years, so there is a need for proper maintenance of the distribution system and chlorination to avoid waterborne diseases.
Highlights
Afterward from the year 1931, it is observed that population growth slightly increased up to the year 1991 to every decade; after that from 1991 the population growth percent increased as compared to previous decade; this is because due to the development of the city, industry area, infrastructure, facilities, improved lifestyle, people are attracted toward city; it is because the education facilities are good, etc
Three water samples taken from each of the fourteen wards within the city of Urun-Islampur were tested for pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), residual chlorine, chloride and hardness
The result shows that the water quality is good in the city, but the water distribution system is too old so the quality may be affected
Summary
Water plays an important role in human life. Freshwater is important for the survival of all living beings. It is more important for the people as they depend upon it for industrial, food production, waste disposal and cultural requirement (APHA et al 2012). Maharashtra is one of the state in the western region of India and with 11.237 cores of the population. Maharashtra is one of the wealthiest and the most developed state in India, contributing 25% of the country’s industrial output and 23.2% of GDP as per the Census 2011. Urun-Islampur is located on 17° 2′ 42.46′′ N and 74°
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