Evaluation of a newly devised three-lead Holter recording during treadmill testing in the diagnosis of ischemic ST changes

Abstract

Sixty-five patients (54 men, 11 women) with angina pectoris were studied using a technique for recording a 3-lead electrocardiogram without increasing the number of channels and electrodes in the commercial 2-channel Holter recorder. In 52 of the 65 patients, simultaneous ECGs with both the 3-lead Holter method and the conventional 12-lead system during treadmill exercise testing were performed. The results of the two systems in detecting significant ST depressions were consistent in 51 of 52 patients (98%). Twentyseven of the 32 patients with significant coronary stenosis showed ST depressions during exercise both in the 3-lead Holter and the 12-lead ECG systems. There were cases in which ST depressions were confined only to the CM 2 lead (n = 1), the CM 5 lead (n = 18) or the CMf lead (n = 3). This indicates that at least three leads are needed in the Holter system for the detection of certain ST changes. The sensitivity of the Holter system during exercise in detecting significant coronary artery disease was the same as that of the 12-lead system (84%). Two of the total 65 patients had variant angina at night. No ST changes in the CM 5 lead were observed in either case. Thus, the 3-lead Holter monitoring technique is as accurate as the 12-lead system for the detection of ischemic ST depressions associated with coronary stenosis and is unlikely to miss the signs of variant angina. In addition, this technique is expandable since it can continuously switch between leads using the same channel.