Evaluation of a duty-cycled asynchronous X-MAC protocol for vehicular sensor networks

Mohammed Zaki Hasan,Fadi Al-Turjman

doi:10.1186/s13638-017-0882-7

Abstract

An asynchronous medium access control (MAC) duty-cycled protocols have higher energy efficiency and lower packet latency than synchronized ones due to reduced idle listening. Moreover, they provide efficient utilization of energy supplied to mobile sensors. They are considered very important in MAC protocols due to the adverse effects of hidden terminals which causes energy consumption in sensor networks. Therefore, in this paper, the impact of hidden terminals on the performance of an asynchronous duty-cycled MAC protocol X-MAC for vehicle-base sensor is investigated via analysis and simulations. We propose a Markov model to analyze the quality-of-service (QoS) parameters in terms of energy consumption, delay, and throughput. Our analytical model provides QoS parameter values that closely match the simulation results under various network conditions. Our model is more computationally efficient and provides accurate results quickly compared with simulations. More importantly, our model enables the designers to obtain a better understanding of the effects of different numbers of mobile sensor nodes and data arrival rates on the performance of an asynchronous MAC duty-cycled protocol.

Highlights

Vehicular sensor networks (VSNs) allow limited range sensor devices to communicate with each other [1]
4 Markov model of X-medium access control (MAC) We propose a Markov model to describe the behavior of X-MAC and investigate the QoS parameters under various network and channel conditions
Hidden sensor nodes distributed inside the shaded area that illustrates the locations at which possible hidden terminals reside may limit the performance of contentionbased MAC protocols

Summary

Introduction

Vehicular sensor networks (VSNs) allow limited range sensor devices to communicate with each other [1]. Ps is considered as a protocol-specific parameter that is slot independent This means that the probability of transmission and the collision varies from another time slot, depending on the behavior of both duty-cycled node which modeled as Markov-chain and the state of channel which is depicted, where π0 indicate the steady state of a node. Hidden sensor nodes distributed inside the shaded area that illustrates the locations at which possible hidden terminals reside may limit the performance of contentionbased MAC protocols Because of their transmission results in collisions, the proposed model quantified the problem by deriving the probability of collision for avoiding this limitation.

QoS parameter analysis of X-MAC protocol

Conclusions