Abstract
The energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission of asphalt pavement have become a very serious global problem. The high-temperature stability and durability of polyurethane (PU) are very good. It is studied as an alternative binder for asphalt recently. However, the strength-forming mechanism and the mixture structure of the PU mixture are different from the asphalt mixture. This work explored the design and performance evaluation of the PU mixture. The PU content of mixtures was determined by the creep slope (K), tensile strength ratios (TSR), immersion Cantabro loss (ICL), and the volume of air voids (VV) to ensure better water stability. The high- and low-temperature stability, water stability, dynamic mechanical property, and sustainability of the PU mixture were evaluated and compared with those of the stone matrix asphalt mixture (SMA). The test results showed that the dynamic stability and bending strain of the PU mixture were about 7.5 and 2.3 times of SMA. The adhesion level of PU and the basalt aggregate was one level greater than the limestone, and basalt aggregates were proposed to use in the PU mixture to improve water stability. Although the initial TSR and ICL of PU mixture were lower, the long-term values were higher; the PUM had better long-term water damage resistance. The dynamic modulus and phase angles (φ) of the PU mixture were much higher. The energy consumption and CO2 emission of the PU mixture were lower than those of SMA. Therefore, the cold-mixed PU mixture is a sustainable material with excellent performance and can be used as a substitute for asphalt mixture.
Highlights
Climate change and global energy shortages are the main obstacles to international sustainable development [1].erefore, emission reduction and energy-saving materials have gained more and more attention all over the international community [2, 3]
The production of hot-mix asphalt mixture (HMA) require a large amount of energy and release CO2 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and smoke to the air [5, 6], which are hazardous to the environment and workers [7]
The mostly used cold mixture is emulsified asphalt mixture and liquid asphalt mixture. e emulsified asphalt and liquid asphalt are used as binders, which are mixed with aggregates to produce mixtures at room temperature
Summary
Climate change and global energy shortages are the main obstacles to international sustainable development [1]. E ice-mixture composite specimens are prepared using asphalt binders and PU with the traditional asphalt concrete gradation by Chen et al [14] It is proposed using the PU mixture on roadways in cold regions to provide better anti-icing and deicing performance as well as enhance traffic safety in the winter seasons [14]. Wang et al explored the suitability of PERS with the PU binder for urban roads in cold regions Both laboratory tests and numerical simulations are conducted to characterize the mechanical and functional performances of PERS using conventional porous asphalt (PA) as reference [18]. E stone matrix asphalt mixture (SMA) was the most used material in the upper layer of high-grade highways in China, so the performance of the PU mixture with the interlocking structure (PUM) was evaluated and systemically compared with SMA. Four improved water stability evaluation tests were recommended to assess the water stability of mixtures. e dynamic mechanical properties of the mixtures with different temperatures and load frequencies were compared. e emissions and energy consumption of PUM and SMA were calculated and compared. e results provided a technical reference for the application of PUM
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