Abstract
Energy storage systems, which have flexible characteristics for electric power systems, have gained popularity in power distribution networks for many reasons including the smoothing renewable energy output. This paper proposes a method to evaluate the comprehensive low-carbon benefits of an energy storage system during its lifecycle and establishes a model for this quantitative evaluation. The lifecycle of an energy storage system is divided into five stages, namely, manufacturing & processing, system planning & design, system project construction, operation & maintenance, and scrapping & recycling. By adding the low-carbon and economy benefits of each stage the comprehensive low-carbon benefit is obtained. The carbon payback period (CPP) is also presented for evaluating the energy storage system’s contribution to carbon emission reduction. The method is tested in the IEEE 14-bus case with data applied in China and the results show that the storage in distribution systems can create considerable low-carbon benefits, but the high cost of energy storage is a primary factor subtracting from these benefits.
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