Evaluation and Management of Rectourethral Fistula Following Radiation Treatment for Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Rectourethral Fistula (RUF) is an unusual entity with severe consequences to patients. Radiation induced RUF is an infrequent complication following prostate cancer treatment. Evaluation and management of radiation induced RUF is not uniform. A variety of alternatives are offered to manage RUF, including but not limited to the transanal, transrectal approach (York-Mason), pure perineal and combined abdomino-perineal approaches. It is of utmost importance that the genitourinary reconstructive surgeon be familiar with the etiology, anatomy and options to treat RUF. Treatment strategies must be tailored with consideration toward the etiology of the fistula and to the patient status.