Evaluation and Immunolocalization of BMP4 and FGF8 in Odontogenic Cyst and Tumors.

Neeti Swarup,Meghanand T Nayak,Zoya Chowdhary,Su Jung Choi,Shikha Khatana,Chandarani Sagolsem,Monica Mehendiratta

doi:10.1155/2018/1204549

Abstract

Growth factors like bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) play a major role in organogenesis and specifically in odontogenesis. They are also believed to have a role in oncogenesis. Thus, any discrepancies in their standard behavior and activity would lead to serious abnormalities including odontogenic cyst and tumors. The present research work investigated the expression of BMP4 and FGF8 in odontogenic tumors (OT) and cyst as well as developing tooth germs to elucidate their roles. Dental organs of various odontogenic stages and 30 OTs including solid multicystic ameloblastomas (SMA, 10 cases), ameloblastic fibroma (AF, 10 cases), odontogenic myxoma (OM, 10 cases), and odontogenic cysts: odontogenic keratocyst (OKC, 10 cases) were evaluated in both epithelial and mesenchymal components for the expression of BMP4 and FGF8 using immunohistochemistry. The epithelial nuclear expression of BMP4 was highest in OKC (9 cases) while FGF8 was highest in SMA (10 cases). The mesenchymal nuclear expression of both BMP4 (8 cases) (p = 0.001) and FGF8 (9 cases) (p = 0.045) were significantly high in OMs among all OTs. Both growth factors were actively expressed in different stages of tooth development. The expression of BMP4 and FGF8 corelates well with the proliferative component of the pathologies, indicating a possible role in the pathogenesis and progression.

Highlights

Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are a unique group of neoplasms, derived from tooth forming apparatus or its remnants, found exclusively in the jaws or associated soft tissue [1]
In 2005, World Health Organization (WHO) classified them broadly under benign and malignant and subclassified them further based on tissue of origin, that is, epithelial, ectomesenchymal, or both; this led to inclusion and classification of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) as keratocystic odontogenic tumor in group 1 tumors [2]
Based on WHO histological classification of OTs and odontogenic cysts (2017), three benign tumors were considered for the study, namely, solid multicystic ameloblastoma (SMA) from group1; ameloblastic fibroma (AF) from group 2; and odontogenic myxoma (OM) from group 3 and OKC was included in the study owing to its aggressive nature [3]

Summary

Introduction

Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are a unique group of neoplasms, derived from tooth forming apparatus or its remnants, found exclusively in the jaws or associated soft tissue [1]. In 2005, World Health Organization (WHO) classified them broadly under benign and malignant and subclassified them further based on tissue of origin, that is, epithelial, ectomesenchymal, or both; this led to inclusion and classification of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) as keratocystic odontogenic tumor in group 1 tumors [2]. Based on WHO histological classification of OTs and odontogenic cysts (2017), three benign tumors were considered for the study, namely, solid multicystic ameloblastoma (SMA) from group (epithelial origin); ameloblastic fibroma (AF) from group 2 (mixed origin); and odontogenic myxoma (OM) from group 3 (ectomesenchymal origin) and OKC was included in the study owing to its aggressive nature [3]. The pathogenesis of OTs like any tumor is dependent on two factors, tumor initiating factors and tumor progression factors. OKC arises from remnants of the dental lamina (rest of Serres) due to inactivation of PTCH1, which activates Shh

Methods

Results

Conclusion