Abstract
Soil temperature reflects the impact of local factors, such as the vegetation, soil, and atmosphere of a region. Therefore, it is important to understand the regional variation of soil temperature. However, given the lack of observations with adequate spatial and/or temporal coverage, it is often difficult to use observational data to study the regional variation. Based on the observational data from Nanchang and Ganzhou stations and ERA-Interim/Land reanalysis data, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of soil temperature over Poyang Lake Basin. Four soil depths were examined, 0–7, 7–28, 28–100, and 100–289 cm, recorded as ST1, ST2, ST3, and ST4, respectively. The results showed close correlations between observation data and reanalysis data at different depths. Reanalysis data could reproduce the main spatiotemporal distributions of soil temperature over the Poyang Lake Basin but generally underestimated their magnitudes. Temporally, there was a clear warming trend in the basin. Seasonally, the temperature increase was the most rapid in spring and the slowest in summer, except for ST4, which increased the fastest in spring and the slowest in winter. The temperature increase was faster for ST1 than the other depths. The warming trend was almost the same for ST2, ST3, and ST4. An abrupt change of annual soil temperature at all depths occurred in 1997, and annual soil temperatures at all depths were abnormally low in 1984. Spatially, annual soil temperature decreased with latitude, except for the summer ST1. Because of the high temperature and precipitation in summer, the ST1 values were higher around the lake and the river. The climatic trend of soil temperature generally increased from south to north, which was opposite to the distribution of soil temperature. These findings provide a basis for understanding and assessing the variation of soil temperature in the Poyang Lake Basin.
Highlights
Soil temperature, an important parameter to characterize the thermal properties of soil, is the main factor affecting the atmosphere on the land surface
The results show that reanalysis data can mainly reproduce the spatial distributions of soil temperature in summer and winter, especially over the east of China, but generally underestimate their magnitudes
The correlation coefficients, mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) between ERA soil temperature and observation soil temperature are calculated to investigate their agreements on monthly time-scales
Summary
An important parameter to characterize the thermal properties of soil, is the main factor affecting the atmosphere on the land surface It can affect the climate change by affecting the energy distribution, exchange and water budget on the surface. Changes in soil temperature associated with climate warming could result in variation of terrain and hydrologic conditions, alteration of the distribution and growth rate of vegetation, enhancement of soil organic carbon decomposition, and increased emission of CO2 from the soil to the atmosphere [6,7,8,9,10,11]. These effects could have significant consequences both locally and globally
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