Evaluating Transportation Needs in a Developing Country: The Case of Montego Bay Free-Zone Employees

Abstract

A research effort was undertaken to develop a methodology for evaluating the transportation needs of developing countries. Described are a survey and preliminary findings used to make recommendations to meet the transportation needs of almost 5,000 employees at a major employment center in the Caribbean. In the Montego Bay free zone in Jamaica, mediocre public transportation service is the leading cause of high rates of absenteeism and tardiness and a primary reason that 1,000 job vacancies remain unfilled. Private companies seeking solutions to these employment problems with minimal government involvement initiated the research. The survey was conducted in summer 1994 through personal interviews and self-administered questionnaires distributed to free-zone management and employees and public transportation drivers. Findings indicated a 20 percent net income-to-travel expense ratio, 1.5-hr-long waits, and almost no bicycle or private automobile use. The survey also gathered public opinions and possible solutions. To support more efficient transportation planning for developing countries, it is recommended that a data base that houses reliable and relevant cost information be developed along with other data to be used in determining the potential of improved transportation service to attract workers and stimulate economic growth in the region.